麻豆淫院

The Canon XA70 is a professional 4K Ultra HD camcorder that works brilliantly for electronic news gathering (ENG), special event

recording, interviews, documentary filmmaking and even for guerrilla journalism. This camera is lightweight, compact and its

ergonomic grip will help you capture high quality footage on the go.

Features:

• The XA-70 has a 1-inch type CMOS sensor. The larger sensor also permits a shallower depth of field at large apertures (small f-stops), and also greater
• depth of field control and creative options.
• 5 鈥� 382.5mm zoom lens (35mm equivalent).
• 5-axis image stabilisation to keep the shot steady.
• Dual pixel CMOS auto focus for pin sharp images.
• Face tracking that provides effective and accurate focus during camera tracking.
• A 3.5-inch HD LCD touchscreen with enhanced resolution and luminance for easier viewing outdoors on sunny days.
• Built-in ND filters.
• You can stream video via a computer with UVC capability.
• Professional audio with two XLR inputs.
• Dual SD card slots.
• Multiple recording formats.

To 4K or not to 4K?

Although this camera is capable of recording 4K footage (3840x2160 resolution), we strongly recommend that you stick to Full HD(1920x1080). For news gathering purposes, Full HD is better for the average ENG workflow, especially when working against听deadlines. Upon checkout, the XA-70 will always be configured in Full HD mode. If you change this setting to 4K, then please听change it back to Full HD prior to checking it back in.

Pros and cons to using Full HD over 4K Ultra HD:

• 4K file sizes are massive and will fill up your SD card four times faster than if you shoot in 1080. You鈥檒l also fill up portable drive space much faster. Not听only are the 4K file sizes much larger, but they will also require more processing speed on computers, which could cause significant delays in your editing听as the images are being processed.
• The larger 4K resolution means each frame of 4K video records more data. But the more data you record the more strain you put on the camcorder (yes,听some cameras will overheat if you record in 4K over extended periods, such as recording school graduations, conferences, or even weddings).
• You will not spot any significant difference between Full HD and 4K when viewed on your computer monitor, in YouTube, and especially on a smart phone.
• If you feel the pressure to shoot in 4K because you want to raise the quality of the footage, just remember that no one in your audience is likely to see any听difference unless they're trained video engineers.
• 4K is better for cropping and re-scaling of your footage because the higher bit rate (amount of data in each frame of video) results in higher detail as you听scale in on the shot. But if you frame your shots properly to begin with, then you shouldn鈥檛 have to rely on cropping your footage in post-production.

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Basically, if your video isn鈥檛 looking good, then there鈥檚 probably something else going on. Shooting in 4K doesn't make the quality of your work automatically better; it just means that your mistakes in composition, exposure, white balance will all be seen in 4K.

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Please read this user guide thoroughly. It helps to check out the XA-70 to follow along. But you won't master the camera by simply reading this guide. Get some practice using it, which is the only way to become familiar more closely with its features.

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Using SD Cards

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To take photos

SAVE YOUR RECORDINGS REGULARLY! As soon as is convenient after you finish recording, copy the contents of the SD card to your project folder onto a portable hard drive or to your computer desktop. If you gamble that nothing will happen to your card, then assume you might lose. Back up the footage you shot, always!

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Adjusting the Focus

To focus using only the focus/zoom ring

NOTE: When focussing a telephoto lens, you must first zoom in all the way on your subject and then focus sharply. When you zoom out the subject should remain in focus along the range of the zoom.

To focus using the Touch Focus

Using Focus Assistance

You can focus more accurately using the following functions:

• Dual Pixel Focus Guide 鈥� an onscreen guide that shows if the subject is in focus.
• Peaking 鈥� the outline edges of the subject are emphasised.
• Magnification 鈥� the screen area is enlarged so you can see the subject more clearly to focus.
• AF-Boosted MF
• Continuous AF

Dual Pixel Focus Guide

The focus guide gives you an intuitive visual indication of the current focus distance and the direction and amount of adjustment necessary to bring the picture into full focus.

In the above illustration, the focus guide is the green frame over the main subject. If the subject wasn't in focus, then the grid would appear white with the arrows above it spread further apart. The illustration below shows the focus guide frame stages when a subject is being focused.

Peaking

When peaking is activated, the outer edges of the main subject that are in focus will be highlighted in red, blue, or yellow on screen.

You can also choose to switch the screen to black & white whilst peaking is activated, further emphasising the edges.

Turning the peaking on or off

To turn the peaking on or off, press user button 3 on the camera. This button should be assigned to peaking when you check out the camera. If not, then you can go to MENU > System Setup and then select Assignable Button 3 to adjust the settings. Otherwise, you can still access PEAK when you go into the FUNC menu.

Magnification

This focus assist enlarges the image of the screen so the operator can see more detail when they start to focus. The increased size of the image is not recorded, so make sure you remember to switch off the MAGN before you commence framing your shots.

AF-Boosted MF

In this mode you can focus part way and then let the camera finish focussing automatically. This mode is a more stable focussing operation than with Continuous AF.

Continuous AF

The camera will automatically focus on a subject at the centre of the screen.

AN EDUCATIONAL NOTE ABOUT LEARNING HOW TO FOCUS: Don't rely on automatic focus as it will sometimes fail you at the worst possible time, such as interviews. The camera might shift the focus from time to time depending on whether the subject moves abruptly or if something in the background moves. An unintentional shift in focus during the recording can ruin the shot.

Face Detection and Tracking

When using face detection and tracking, the XA-70 will detect the subject鈥檚 face and automatically adjust the focus and exposure. When there are several people in the shot, one person is determined to be the main subject but you have the option to select a different person. The camcorder will then maintain tracking the main subject even when it moves.

Zooming

We recommend that you use the zoom to help frame your shots, not simply to zoom in and out during a recording. The zoom move听is hard for viewers to stomach if they see one after another, and should be used sparingly. Zoom in or out during the recording only if the zoom is necessary to reveal new information in the shot. Otherwise, use the zoom to frame the shot composition.

There are two ways to zoom: The focus/zoom ring and the zoom rocker.

Focus/Zoom Ring:

Zoom Rocker

Sometimes, zooming requires a delicate touch. You want the move to appear smooth without abrupt bumps or stutters. It takes practice to do good camera moves. The goal is to achieve a camera move that doesn't draw unwanted attention to itself. But if you can't achieve a steady camera move, then don't commit to using the shot.

To select whether to use variable or constant zoom speed, MENU > Camera Setup > Grip Zoom Speed > VAR (variable) or CONST (constant). If you select CONST, drag your finger along the adjustment bar to set the desired constant speed. Then tap X to exit back to the main screen.

Shooting Modes

We recommend that you operate the camera in M mode (Manual) simply because you will have more control over the quality of the image as opposed to letting the camera make the creative choices for you in Automatic mode. Although you might think the camera should do all the work, a good photographer never relies on it.

The XA-70 offers four main shooting modes:

• P - This is your standard automatic mode (Programmed AE), which also sets the focus, exposure, gain, and white balance.
• Tv- Shutter Priority - when you set the shutter speed, the camera automatically sets the exposure (aperture and gain).
• Av- Aperture Priority - when you change the aperture settings, the camera will automatically apply the best shutter speed and gain to get the exposure right.
• M - All exposure settings are in manual.

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Adjusting the Exposure

When using M mode, you will have the most control over shooting settings as you can set the aperture, shutter speed and gain to get the exposure you want.

First, you need to adjust the ND Filter

When shooting outdoors on a sunny day, intense bright light will enter the lens. To reduce this intensity, it鈥檚 not enough to simply stop down the lens to reduce the amount of light that enters. If the sunlight is intense, then you might lose the range of f-stop values that let you fine tune the exposure adjustment. Therefore, what you need to do before you adjust aperture is apply the ND Filter, which is built into the camera lens.

Think of the ND filter as sunglasses for the camera, which provides a good rule of thumb for when to use it 鈥� you wear sunglasses outdoors on sunny days, and you take them off indoors. Therefore, switch on the ND filter when shooting outdoors on sunny days, and switch if off when you work indoors.

NOTE: When using the Programmed AE mode, if the ND filter setting you select isn鈥檛 appropriate, the ND displayed on the screen will start flashing. You might get this warning if the lighting is still too bright and you need to select the next filter setting, or if the gain value is too high, or even if the aperture is closed. Change the ND filter settings until the display stops flashing.

Adjusting the gain, shutter speed and aperture

Gain

What we recommend is that you first turn the gain OFF, or 0 db (decibels). Gain simply refers to signal strength, which applies to both video and audio signals. Too much gain adds noise to the signal, and you end up with a grainy picture.

Gain should be used only in low-light conditions, never when the conditions are bright. Therefore, before you touch the shutter speed and aperture, start with the gain off. If you adjust the shutter speed and aperture and the picture still looks underexposed, then you can start to apply gain, but not too much.

Shutter Speed

Shutter speed is the time each individual frame of video is exposed to light. You express it as a fraction of a second. Think of a shutter as a gate that opens and closes rapidly. Each time it鈥檚 open, the video frame gets exposed to light.

Mostly, we use shutter speed when recording fast action in the shot, such as a person running, throwing a ball, playing tennis, etc. Usually, at sports events, the camera records at a faster shutter speed so the motion doesn鈥檛 appear as a blur.

Faster shutter speeds help us see the details in faster moving objects. But slow shutter speeds add motion blur.

Aperture (Iris)

The amount of light that enters the lens is expressed by f-stop numbers. The smaller the number, the larger the aperture, and the more light can enter the lens. The numbers look like this: f/2.8, f/4, f/5.6, f/8, and so on. You might see variations in the way these numbers are expressed. On this scale, an f/4 lets in about half as much light as an f/2.8.

Maximum Aperture

The maximum aperture for a lens indicates how much light can enter the camera when the lens is at its widest possible aperture. You can find the value for the maximum aperture inscribed on most lenses. But for a telephoto lens, capable of zooming, there are two f-stop numbers visible.

Exposure Assist 鈥� Zebra Pattern

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Setting the White Balance

After you set the exposure properly, the final step to getting a good quality image is to set the white balance. Simply put, white balance occurs when the camera tells what white should look like under different colour temperatures.

Colour temperature is expressed in degrees Kelvin, and it represents the colour range that a metal, such as a poker stick, might experience as it鈥檚 being heated. First, the metal glows red, then a brighter orange, and finally to blue as it鈥檚 super-heated. The average colour temperature for indoor settings, where the lighting is soft and often reddish in colour, is 3200K. A sunny day outdoors appears bluish to a camera and can be expressed on average as 5600K.

The white balance function in the camera electronically calibrates the picture to produce accurate colours. An image that appears too blue or too red requires a white balance. Otherwise, it鈥檚 easy to spot when an image wasn鈥檛 properly white balanced. Sometimes, you can correct improperly white balanced images in post-production but save yourself the time by shooting footage correctly in the first place. Don鈥檛 always assume that everything can be fixed in post.

Custom White Balance

It鈥檚 that simple!

If you feel overwhelmed by the manual operation of the camera, remember this 鈥� it takes practice. But in no time, you will become more familiar with the operations to the point where they will become second nature. Have fun!