Awards

William Wei is again named Colorado’s state historian

Anonymous — Wed, 23 Oct 2024 14:43:11 +0000

William Wei is again named Colorado’s state historian Anonymous (not verified) Wed, 10/23/2024 - 08:43

Adamari Ruelas

CU Boulder historian serving second term in position, focusing on an accurate and comprehensive portrayal of Colorado’s history

William Wei, a University of Colorado Boulder professor of history and faculty affliate in the Center for Asian Studies, has been named state historian by History Colorado, his second time receiving the honor.

William Wei, CU Boulder professor of history and Colorado state historian, is the author of Asians in Colorado: A History of Persecution and Perseverance in the Centennial State.

Wei was one of the five founders of History Colorado’s State Historian’s Council, which “reaches across the state to aid in the interpretation of the history of Colorado and the West, providing opportunities to expand the understanding of the historical perspectives, cultures and places of Colorado.”

The State Historian’s Council was founded in 2018 and comprises five interdisciplinary scholars who provide complementary perspectives and rotate the state historian position every year on Aug.1, Colorado Day. Wei’s first term as state historian was from 2019-2020.

"It is a great honor to be appointed the Colorado state historian again,” Wei says. “I remain committed to ensuring that Coloradans receive an accurate and comprehensive portrayal of the Centennial State's history. This commitment naturally extends to Colorado's marginalized communities, whose stories have often been neglected, overlooked and forgotten.”

Wei was named the 2022 Asian American Hero of Colorado and is the author of Asians in Colorado: A History of Persecution and Perseverance in the Centennial State. He also was a founding editor-in-chief of History Colorado’s Colorado Encyclopedia and a lead advisor for the organization’s Zoom In: The Centennial State in 100 Objects.

“William brings a broad global perspective alongside an encyclopedic interest in Colorado to the role of State Historian,” notes Jason Hanson, chief creative officer and director of interpretation and research at History Colorado, in announcing Wei’s second term. “He is passionate about how historical perspective can help us see the present more clearly and in ways that can truly improve people’s lives. I am excited for him to share his knowledge and passion with the people of Colorado as the state historian once again.”

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CU Boulder historian serving second term in position, focusing on an accurate and comprehensive portrayal of Colorado’s history.

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Andrés Montoya-Castillo earns 2024 Packard Fellowship for Science and Engineering

Anonymous — Tue, 22 Oct 2024 13:43:24 +0000

Andrés Montoya-Castillo earns 2024 Packard Fellowship for Science and Engineering Anonymous (not verified) Tue, 10/22/2024 - 07:43

CU Boulder chemist will use the five-year support to study tailoring cycles affecting energy flow in solar energy conversion

Andrés Montoya-Castillo, an assistant professor in the University of Colorado Boulder Department of Chemistry, has been awarded a 2024 Packard Fellowship for Science and Engineering.

The fellowships, given by the David and Lucille Packard Foundation, are awarded to innovative early-career scientists and engineers, who receive $875,000 over five years to pursue their research.

“These scientists and engineers are the architects of tomorrow, leading innovation with bold ideas and unyielding determination,” said Nancy Lindborg, president and chief executive officer of the Packard Foundation, in announcing the 2024 awards. “Their work today will be the foundation for the breakthroughs of the future, inspiring the next wave of discovery and invention.”

Montoya-Castillo is a theoretical chemist who leads a lab that encompasses multidisciplinary skills spanning physical chemistry, condensed matter physics and quantum information science.

Explaining his research that the fellowship will support, Montoya-Castillo notes, “The world’s growing population faces looming food shortages and the pressing need for cheap and sustainable energy sources. Reliable conversion of sunlight–our most abundant energy source–into fuel can address these threats. However, reliable energy conversion requires knowing how to tailor, at an atomic level, photoprotection cycles limiting food production and energy flow in solar cells that convert sunlight into fuel.”

He adds that he “will harness the power of generalized master equations to develop efficient, atomically resolved theories and analysis tools that cut the cost of experiments needed to reveal how to employ chemical modifications to manipulate photoprotection cycles in plants and the photocatalytic activity of metal oxides. Our developments will offer transformative insights into fundamental excitation dynamics in complex materials, enabling the boosting of photosynthetic crop production and optimization of environmentally friendly semiconductors that split water into clean fuels.”

Last year, Montoya-Castillo was named a U.S. Department of Energy Early Career Research Program scientist and earlier this year received the CU Boulder Marinus Smith Award, which recognizes faculty and staff members who have had a particularly positive impact on students. He received his BA in chemistry and literature from Macaulay Honors College, CUNY, and his PhD in chemical physics from Columbia University.

“I’m honored and thrilled to be part of the Packard Fellows class of 2024!” Montoya-Castillo says. “With the help of the Packard Foundation's funding, I look forward to finding new ways to measure and control nonequilibrium energy flow for human use.”

[video:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W3RtY7QKzxU&t=6s]

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CU Boulder chemist will use the five-year support to study tailoring cycles affecting energy flow in solar energy conversion.

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Samuel Ramsey receives the prestigious Lowell Thomas Award

Anonymous — Tue, 17 Sep 2024 19:26:37 +0000

Samuel Ramsey receives the prestigious Lowell Thomas Award Anonymous (not verified) Tue, 09/17/2024 - 13:26

Once frightened of insects, Ramsey has become a leader in the field of entomology

Samuel Ramsey, assistant professor of ecology and evolutionary biology at the University of Colorado Boulder, is one of this year’s recipients of the Lowell Thomas Award.

The Lowell Thomas Award, named after broadcast journalist and explorer Lowell Thomas and given by The Explorers Club, recognizes “excellence in domains or fields of exploration,” according to the award announcement. In particular, the award celebrates “individuals who have grit, tenacity, are undaunted by failure, and endure all obstacles, finding a way forward to discovery and results that expand the limits of knowledge.”

Samuel Ramsey (left) working with the chieftain of a hill tribe village in Thailand to sample domesticated bees for parasites. (Photo: Shin Arunrugstichai/Syzgy Media Co.)

Ramsey, also known as “your friendly neighborhood entomologist,” didn’t always like insects. They used to terrify him. But in the second grade he conquered his fears by learning about insects at his local library.

Now, more than 25 years later, Ramsey is one of the most innovative and distinguished thinkers in the field of entomology. His research has won him numerous awards, including first place in the International Three-Minute Thesis Competition, the American Bee Research Conference’s Award for Distinguished Research and the Acarological Society of America’s Highest Award for Advances in Acarology Research.

Ramsey—a member of the Explorers Club 50, class of 2024—also runs a nonprofit, the Ramsey Research Foundation, which seeks to protect pollinator diversity.

Ramsey’s fellow awardees this year are zoologist Carole Baldwin, ocean conservationist Ellen Pikitch and geothermal scientist Andrés Ruzo. Past recipients include Kathy Sullivan, E. O. Wilson, Kris Tompkins, Isaac Asimov, Sir Edmund Hillary and Carl Sagan.

The 2024 Lowell Thomas Awards Dinner takes place in Austin on Nov. 1.

Top image: Samuel Ramsey researching bee biodiversity in Thailand. (Photo: Shin Arunrugstichai/Syzgy Media Co.)

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Stephen Graham Jones slashes his way into Texas literary history

Anonymous — Fri, 06 Sep 2024 19:34:25 +0000

Stephen Graham Jones slashes his way into Texas literary history Anonymous (not verified) Fri, 09/06/2024 - 13:34

The CU Boulder Ineva Baldwin Professor of English is part of a Texas Literary Hall of Fame induction class that includes Cormac McCarthy and Molly Ivins

Stephen Graham Jones, author of bestselling horror novels The Angel of Indian Lake and The Only Good Indians, among other award-winning works, has been inducted into the Texas Literary Hall of Fame.

Born in Midland, Texas, Jones relocated to Boulder in 2008, where he continues to serve as the University of Colorado Boulder Ineva Baldwin Professor of English.

CU Boulder Ineva Baldwin Professor of English Stephen Graham Jones has been inducted into the Texas Literary Hall of Fame, a recognition whose previous recipients include Larry McMurtry and Sandra Cisneros.

“When I moved away from Texas for Colorado, I kind of suspected Texas might forget about me, even though a lot of my novels since then have been set there,” he says.

But if Jones’ admission into the state’s Literary Hall of Fame is any indication, Texas didn’t forget about him.

Established in 2004, the Texas Literary Hall of Fame recognizes the literary contributions of the Lone Star State’s most celebrated writers. Inductees are announced every two years by the Texas Christian University (TCU) Mary Couts Burnett Library, the TCU AddRan College of Liberal Arts, the TCU Press and the Center for Texas Studies.

“The Texas Literary Hall of Fame showcases top literary writers across the nation,” Sonja Watson, dean of the AddRan College of Liberal Arts, says on the Texas Literary Hall of Fame website. “This group of inductees follows a long list of others who demonstrate how Texas has shaped the cultural landscape of their writings.”

Joining Jones this year as he enters the Hall of Fame are Sergio Troncoso, Cynthia Leitich Smith, Jan Seale, Molly Ivins, Tracy Daugherty and Cormac McCarthy. Past honorees include Larry McMurtry and Sandra Cisneros.

“Colorado is home now, but Texas will always be where I'm from, and I'm honored and thrilled to be inducted into the Texas Literary Hall of Fame,” says Jones. “My father-in-law’s photo is in the Texas Capitol, which I always thought pretty special. This, to me, is that same kind of special.”

The official induction ceremony will take place on Oct. 29.

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The CU Boulder Ineva Baldwin Professor of English is part of a Texas Literary Hall of Fame induction class that includes Cormac McCarthy and Molly Ivins.

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CU Boulder scholars honored as 2024 Guggenheim Fellows

Anonymous — Thu, 13 Jun 2024 14:52:18 +0000

CU Boulder scholars honored as 2024 Guggenheim Fellows Anonymous (not verified) Thu, 06/13/2024 - 08:52

Rachel Sauer

Researchers Emily Yeh and Brian Catlos are recognized for prior career achievements and exceptional promise

Two University of Colorado Boulder scholars have been named 2024 Guggenheim Fellows, recognizing not only their prior career achievements but also their exceptional promise.

Emily Yeh, a professor of geography and College of Arts and Sciences professor of distinction, and Brian Catlos, a professor of religious studies and director of the CU Mediterranean Studies Group, are among a group of scholars, scientists, artists and writers representing 52 scholarly disciplines and artistic fields, who “are meeting (humanity’s existential) challenges head-on and generating new possibilities and pathways across the broader culture as they do so,” noted Edward Hirsch, award-winning poet and president of the John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation, in announcing the fellowships.

The monetary award that accompanies the Guggenheim recognition will support Yeh in writing a book about global geographies of weather modification in the context of climate change adaptation and growing discussions about geoengineering.

Emily Yeh has conducted a significant amount of research in China and Tibet, and first became interested in cloud seeding through a Chinese project called Sky River, or Tian He.

“It’s going to be an expansion of my previous research on cloud seeding,” Yeh explains. “Cloud seeding as a practice has been around since the 1950s, but a lot of people don’t really know that it happens.

“I think it’s really important right now for two reasons: One is climate change and drought, with cloud seeding being seen as a form of climate adaptation which is being adopted by countries around the world. The second is the growing interest in stratospheric aerosol injection, a form of geoengineering, for climate mitigation, and the public conflation of this with cloud seeding.”

Yeh, who has conducted a significant amount of her scholarly research in China and Tibet, first became interested in cloud seeding through a Chinese project called Sky River, or Tian He: “There were a whole bunch of reports about how the Chinese government was going to move water vapor from the Himalayas and channel it over the Tibetan Plateau to the north. I started following that issue, and through that realized that even though that idea of channeling water vapor itself isn’t a reality, some of the ideas behind it are very revealing of certain imaginations of nature that also underpin the Chinese state’s discourse of ‘ecological civilization.’”

She says that in some of the Tibetan villages she’s visited on the border of Sichuan and Gansu provinces, few safety precautions accompany cloud seeding measures, so that rockets can fall without warning on herders’ pastures. They experience cloud seeding as a form of injustice, she explains. At the same time, experiences raise questions about what cloud seeding operations claim versus what effects they have. “Overclaiming of results is leading to conspiracy theories, like the idea that recent flooding in the United Arab Emirates was caused by cloud seeding rather than climate change,” Yeh says.

Boulder, as a national and international center of cloud seeding research and technology, is an ideal place to study not only cloud seeding in the context of drought in the American west, Yeh notes, but also institutional and political economic contexts for cloud seeding research and practice globally.

Reassessing history

For Catlos, the Guggenheim recognition will support him in writing An Age of Convergence: Christians, Muslims and Jews in the Pre-Modern Mediterranean, a culmination of his scholarship to date showing when, how and why members of these three faith communities—which hail from Africa, the Middle East and Europe—together laid the foundations of Western modernity.

“Traditionally, the way we’ve conceived of the West has been this sort of western European, essentially Christian culture that coalesced in the Middle Ages and led to Anglo-European culture and society today,” Catlos explains. “That’s based on a lot of assumptions and perspectives that are rooted in 19th century ideas of how society works—some racist, some colonial, some rooted in notions that the fundamental building block of history is the nation.

Brian Catlos' research centers on Christian-Muslim-Jewish relations and the medieval Mediterranean, and he has authored and co-authored books related to this research.

“These are ideas that became popular in the 19th century, a great age of nationalism, racism and colonialization as well. When we look at data and pull back from presumptions and prejudices, what we see is that what became the modern West—western Anglo-European culture and society—emerged out of a much broader historical background.”

In 650 CE, as Islam began expanding from the area west of the Indus River to the Atlantic Ocean and all the way around the Mediterranean, a common telling of the history of that time holds that the area was uniformly Abrahamic in terms of faith and culture. “There’s this idea that the three religious cultures were divided and oppositional—and they were to certain degree—but they also were deeply enmeshed and influenced each other both through polemic and also through collaboration and shared knowledge.”

Another prevalent myth, Catlos says, is that there were distinct spheres: a Christian sphere, a Muslim sphere, “maybe a Latin-Christian sphere, a Christian and Byzantine sphere, a Christian and Muslim sphere, and they were somehow coherent, homogenous social, cultural and political entities in opposition with each other,” Catlos says.

“That’s not really the case. There were lots and lots of Muslims and Jews living in Christian lands and vice versa. The division was not really there except in certain contexts.

“Think about crusade and jihad, about Christianity and Islam, about this clash of civilizations. If we look at the political and economic history of the pre-modern period in the larger Mediterranean world, we see that both of these spheres are broken into a whole range of different kingdoms, city states, etc. that in fact are in competition with each other, for number of reasons, not the least of which is geography and how it impacted the way that resources appear and are accessed.”

Rather than a united front of Muslim states vs. Christian states, Catlos says, “we see competition between Muslim states with each other, Christian states with each other, Muslims and Christian principalities seeking alliances with each other against rivals of their own faith. Much of the history of the West that we are taught is distorted and needs to be reassessed.”

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Researchers Emily Yeh and Brian Catlos are recognized for prior career achievements and exceptional promise.

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Honors student produces prize-winning research on loneliness

Anonymous — Tue, 04 Jun 2024 17:54:19 +0000

Honors student produces prize-winning research on loneliness Anonymous (not verified) Tue, 06/04/2024 - 11:54

Daniel Long

In her honors thesis, recent graduate Amber Duffy describes how loneliness influences a person’s ability to respond to stress

Amber Duffy, who graduated last semester magna cum laude, didn’t always plan to write an honor’s thesis.

She came to the University of Colorado Boulder on a pre-med track, studying neuroscience, but an introductory psychology class knocked her off that path and inspired her to change her major.

“I really liked the behavioral aspect of psychology,” she says.

She liked psychology so much, in fact, that she wasn’t content simply to study it. She wanted to contribute to it. “If I’m not going to do medical school anymore,” she remembers thinking, “I should delve into research.”

Recent psychology and neuroscience graduate Amber Duffy won the the Outstanding Poster Presentation Talk award at the Society for Personality and Social Psychology’s Annual Convention in San Diego, recognizing her research on loneliness.

She contacted Erik Knight, a CU Boulder assistant professor of psychology and neuroscience, with whom she’d taken a class her sophomore year, and he invited her to join his lab. She ended up working there for two years, during which time she decided to write an honor’s thesis.

The topic? Loneliness and its effect on young adults’ stress responses.

Why loneliness?

Duffy’s interest in loneliness isn’t purely academic. Many of her friends and family have struggled with it for years, even before the pandemic, she says. And she herself, the daughter of a Taiwanese mother and a Pennsylvanian father, has often felt its sting.

“Growing up in a multicultural family in my predominantly white town”—Castle Rock, Colorado—“it was hard for me to connect with people sometimes,” she says. “I would learn about my mom’s culture at home and then go to school or talk with friends, and they just didn’t understand how I lived.”

Her concerns over loneliness only increased when she learned of Surgeon General Dr. Vivek H. Murthy’s warning that the United States is suffering from a loneliness epidemic.

“The mortality impact of being socially disconnected is similar to that caused by smoking up to 15 cigarettes a day,” Murthy states.

Hearing this spurred Duffy to action. She wanted to contribute to the fight against loneliness and its potentially negative consequences.

“If we expand our knowledge of loneliness,” she says, “maybe there’s a way we can come up with a more substantial treatment.”

More gas, less brakes

For her honors experiment, Duffy gathered 51 CU Boulder undergraduates between the ages of 18 and 34 and divided them randomly into a control condition and an experimental condition. Those in the former provided a low-stress comparison to those in the latter, who were put through the wringer.

First, the subjects in the experimental condition had to interview for a high-stakes job Duffy and Knight had concocted specifically for the study.

“We told them, in the moment, ‘You have five minutes to prepare a five-minute speech on why you’re the perfect applicant,’” says Duffy.

Immediately following that, subjects had to solve subtraction problems for five minutes, out loud, perfectly, starting at 6,233 and going down from there in increments of 13. “If they made a mistake,” says Duffy, “they had to start over.”

While the subjects ran these gauntlets, Duffy monitored their heart-rate variability (HRV), or the change in interval between heartbeats, and their pre-ejection period (PEP), or the time it takes for a heart to prepare to push blood to the rest of the body. Both serve as indicators of how a person’s stress-response system is functioning, Duffy explains.

Finally, when the stress tests were done, the subjects completed the UCLA Loneliness Scale Version 3 questionnaire, which research has found to be a reliable means of measuring loneliness.

Duffy had hypothesized that lonelier subjects would have more pronounced stress responses than less lonely subjects, and indeed that’s what her data revealed.

Lonelier subjects had higher heartrates, stronger responses from their sympathetic nervous systems (SNS) and weaker responses from their parasympathetic nervous systems (PNS). Duffy likens the SNS, which controls the fight-or-flight response, to a car’s gas pedal and the PNS, which counterbalances the SNS, to a car’s brakes.

When met with stressful situations, then, lonelier individuals had more gas and less brakes, which Duffy says could have long-term health implications.

Yet she is also quick to point out that more research needs to be done, preferably with more subjects.

If we expand our knowledge of loneliness, maybe there’s a way we can come up with a more substantial treatment.”

“We only had 51 people. An increase in sample size would help with more reliable data,” she says. “It’s also important to look at more clinical and diverse populations because there are other factors that could affect loneliness levels.”

Posters, prizes and professorships

Duffy submitted an abstract of her research to The Society for Personality and Social Psychology’s Annual Convention in San Diego, where she hoped to present a poster, thinking this would be a nice, low-key way of getting some conference experience under her belt.

Her abstract was accepted. But then a conference organizer asked her if, in addition to presenting a poster, she could also give a fifteen-minute talk. She would be the only undergraduate at the conference to do so.

Duffy balked. The thought of speaking to a roomful of PhDs intimidated her. “Most of my life I’ve heard how cutthroat academia is,” she says. But she ultimately agreed, and she was glad she did.

Her talk and poster presentation went so well that not only did she receive interest and encouragement from several doctoral programs, but she also won an award that she didn’t even know existed: the Outstanding Poster Presentation Talk award.

“In the middle of my poster presentation, a woman came up to me—I didn’t know who she was—and said, ‘I have a check here for you for $500.’ I didn’t know that was supposed to happen, but it was great!”

Now graduated, Duffy isn’t 100% sure what her next steps will be, but she’s leaning toward one day pursuing a PhD.

“When you get a PhD, you get to do research and also work with students,” she says. “I think it would be fun to be a professor and give back in that way.”

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In her honors thesis, recent graduate Amber Duffy describes how loneliness influences a person’s ability to respond to stress.

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CU Boulder scientist wins Brown Investigator Award

Anonymous — Wed, 29 May 2024 17:48:04 +0000

CU Boulder scientist wins Brown Investigator Award Anonymous (not verified) Wed, 05/29/2024 - 11:48

Rachel Sauer

Chemistry Professor Gordana Dukovic will pursue research to develop new insights into solar chemistry

University of Colorado Boulder scientist Gordana Dukovic has been named a 2024 Brown Investigator Award winner, a recognition that will support her research to develop new insights into solar chemistry.

Dukovic, a professor of chemistry and fellow in the Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute, is one of eight award recipients from universities across the United States who conduct basic research in chemistry or physics. Each winner will receive up to $2 million distributed over five years.

The Brown Investigator Award is given by the Brown Institute for Basic Sciences at Caltech, which was founded "to support bold investigations with the potential for transformational discoveries that will ultimately benefit humanity,” according to founder Ross M. Brown. It supports mid-career physics and chemistry researchers in the United States who are pursuing new directions of inquiry.

Gordana Dukovic, a CU Boulder professor of chemistry, was named one of eight 2024 Brown Investigator Award winners Wednesday.

For Dukovic, that will mean broadening the work that she and the members of her interdisciplinary research group pursue in the field of nanoscience for solar energy harvesting.

“In this work, we often couple nanomaterials with biological catalysts, which are called enzymes,” Dukovic explains. “Nanomaterials can absorb sunlight and then give electrons generated by sunlight to the enzymes, which then do enzyme-catalyzed transformations that make new molecules.

“What we’re finding in our work is that the outcomes of these solar processes are very sensitive to the details of how the nanomaterials interact with enzymes, which are difficult to determine. We know that there are elements of chemical structure that are going to be extremely important for the function of these materials we’re making, but they’re very difficult to see. This award will allow us to adapt and use the tools of electron microscopy in new ways to transform our understanding of the structure of the materials we work with.”

‘This hasn’t been done before’

Because the Brown Investigator Award supports basic science, Dukovic emphasizes that her new area of research isn’t focused on making an existing device more efficient, but on learning how to control the outcomes of light-driven reactions.

“When we try to use sunlight to make new molecules, like fuels or other useful chemicals, there are a lot of other places where the solar energy can go, (including) unproductive pathways where it can go,” she says. “So, we want to understand what controls whether a pathway is going to productive or unproductive and how to enhance the productive pathways.”

Dukovic and her colleagues will explore the role of the structure of the materials that they’re making in determining these photochemical pathways and how they then we can make materials that have efficient photochemical pathways. Ultimately, she says, this may lead to new solar technologies.

“A lot of the chemical products that we use today, such as fuels or fertilizers or other common chemicals, they’re made in really energy-intensive, polluting ways,” Dukovic says. “We want to find ways to use sunlight to make the chemicals that our society uses more sustainable.”

In her lab, Dukovic and her colleagues make semiconductor nanocrystals, which are tiny, light-emitting particles like quantum dots. They then study what happens after these materials absorb sunlight. Sometimes they couple nanocrystals with catalysts like enzymes or other molecules and then study the movement of electrons through the resulting chemical transformations.

Dukovic’s research relies on electron microscopy, but with a unique approach that combines two main types of it: cryo-electron, which is good for studying biomaterials like cells and proteins, and materials electron microscopy “looking at what each technique can learn from the other field,” Dukovic explains. “How can we use these tools together to learn what we need to learn about the structure of materials?

“We’re using tools from the field that have not been used in this way before, so it’s more high-risk, and the (Brown Investigator Award) gives us more time and resources to figure it out, because this hasn’t been done before.”

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Chemistry Professor Gordana Dukovic will pursue research to develop new insights into solar chemistry.

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Physicist’s dissertation gets top marks from American Physical Society

Anonymous — Fri, 24 May 2024 15:05:33 +0000

Physicist’s dissertation gets top marks from American Physical Society Anonymous (not verified) Fri, 05/24/2024 - 09:05

Blair Seidlitz, now a postdoctoral researcher at Columbia University, studied near-collisions of nuclear beams at the Large Hadron Collider in Switzerland, and he did so despite having severely limited vision

Blair Seidlitz, who earned his PhD in physics in 2022 from the University of Colorado Boulder, has won the American Physical Society (APS) Dissertation Award in Hadronic Physics for his dissertation, the society announced.

Seidlitz’s dissertation research was on the ATLAS Experiment of the Large Hadron Collider, hosted at the international CERN laboratory in Switzerland. His CU Boulder research group, led by Professors Dennis Perepelitsa and Jamie Nagle, works in experimental nuclear physics—it collides nuclear beams (“ions") at the LHC to study the fundamental forces of nature under extreme conditions.

The major advance of Seidlitz’s dissertation was to use these nuclear beams at the LHC in an unusual way. “He was interested in the processes not where the beams slam into each other … but instead the cases where the beams just barely miss each other,” Perepelitsa said.

CU Boulder physics PhD alum Blair Seidlitz won the American Physical Society (APS) Dissertation Award in Hadronic Physics for his dissertation research on the ATLAS Experiment of the Large Hadron Collider.

“It turns out that in these cases, a photon emitted by one ion can strike the other, and thus result in rare and unusual ‘photo-nuclear’ collisions …. The ATLAS detector was not set up to take this kind of data by default. So Blair had to do a lot of work to develop the ‘trigger’ (the algorithms that decide which data to even record), to get access to this rare dataset.”

Perepelitsa said this kind of work is unusual for a graduate student; many graduate students work with existing infrastructure or use well-established procedures in research like this. “But Blair really took his idea from the conception stage, to implementing it himself, and helping to deploy it in person during data-taking at CERN,” a bustling scientific community at which Seidlitz spent significant time.

Once Seidlitz had collected the data, he then did a very careful analysis, which necessitated developing some new methods because nobody had really done this kind of thing before, Perepelitsa added.

The surprising result was that these sparse “photo-nuclear” collisions exhibited a collective “flow” behavior among their produced particles—“something you might only expect in the collisions of large nuclei where there are many, many particles that are produced and interact.”

“His measurement has come at a time when the scientific community is asking big questions, such as: Just how few particles can one have to still exhibit many-body collective motion? Blair’s thesis work, by paving the way to experimentally access these unusual datasets, is addressing these open questions head on!”

Seidlitz is now a post-doctoral researcher at Columbia University. He still works at ATLAS, but he now also works at a new experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider, in which Perepelitsa and Nagle’s group at CU is closely involved. “So we are pleased that we can continue to collaborate with Blair very closely,” Perepelitsa said.

Seidlitz said he hopes to build on his graduate school work. “There are actually distinct categories (or types) of photon-nucleus collisions. My thesis work did not sort the different types, but studied them as a whole. In principle, it should be possible to sort these, although it has never been done. That way, we could study the ‘flow’ properties of each type individually, which would be really interesting.”

Seidlitz said that he and his colleagues will be able to study these types of collisions at the Electron Ion Collider, which is scheduled to be completed in the 2030’s at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) on Long Island, New York.

Seidlitz said he was surprised to win the APS dissertation award. “They called me while I was in the sPHENIX control room (an experiment at BNL). I don't usually pick up my phone, but it seemed to not be spam, and as fate would have it, it was an official from APS saying I had won.”

Seidlitz has charted a successful academic career even though he has Stargardt's disease, a rare form of macular degeneration that leaves him with approximately 1/20th the visual acuity of average people.

A wheel in the ATLAS detector of the Large Hadron Collider. Blair Seidlitz's dissertation research focused on near-collisions of nuclear beams in ATLAS. (Photo: CERN)

His vision posed many challenges, he said. “I guess the first challenge was learning as much as I could and getting through courses without being able to see the black board or projector, where I did most of my learning through textbooks.”

Seidlitz said disability service centers at CU Boulder and at his undergraduate institution, the University of Wisconsin, Madison, “really made it possible for me to succeed, from scanning old textbooks to make PDFs, to scanning students' homework so I could grade it when I was a TA and recommending assistive technology.”

Another challenge was finding a field of research that would work for him. “Because physics that revolves around particle accelerators is so big and complicated, large collaborations are formed and the work is shared. Some people build the detectors—something I could not do—and others set up data analysis and reconstruction, which is a lot of software to take the signals from individual detectors and turn it into a measurement of a photon with a particular momentum, for example,” Seidlitz explained, adding:

“This is something I can do! I would say there are still challenges day to day, but they are manageable, and I am very grateful that I am in a place where I can contribute and do valuable work.

Seidlitz grew up in Wisconsin and earned a BS in engineering physics from the University of Wisconsin, Madison. As an undergraduate, he conducted research in plasma physics with Cary Forest, applying optical emission spectroscopy techniques for measurements of the electron temperature in the Plasma Couette Experiment and the Madison Plasma Dynamo Experiment.

The American Physical Society is a nonprofit organization working to advance and diffuse the knowledge of physics through its research journals, scientific meetings and education, outreach, advocacy and international activities.

APS represents more than 50,000 members, including physicists in academia, national laboratories and industry in the United States and throughout the world.

Top image: The eight toroid magnets surrounding the calorimeter in the ATLAS detector. The calorimeter measures the energies of particles produced when protons collide in the center of the detector. (Photo: CERN)

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CU Boulder astrophysicist elected to National Academy of Sciences

Anonymous — Thu, 09 May 2024 16:59:00 +0000

CU Boulder astrophysicist elected to National Academy of Sciences Anonymous (not verified) Thu, 05/09/2024 - 10:59

Distinguished Professor Mitch Begelman of astrophysical and planetary sciences is recognized for ‘distinguished and continuing achievements in original research’

Mitch Begelman, distinguished professor of astrophysical and planetary sciences at the University of Colorado Boulder, has been elected to the National Academy of Sciences, the academy has announced.

Begelman is one of 120 U.S. members and 24 international members who were recognized this year for their “distinguished and continuing achievements in original research.”

Begelman's research primarily explores the frontiers of theoretical and high-energy astrophysics, focusing on the dynamics of black holes and their energy outputs. His pioneering work has significantly advanced the understanding of how black holes influence their surrounding environments and contribute to the broader structure of the universe.

In 2022, for instance, he was part of a team of researchers who observed a sudden change in the magnetic field lines in a class of black holes known as active galaxy nuclei.

CU Boulder scientist Mitch Begelman is the author of Turn Right at Orion:Travels Through the Cosmos and co-author of Gravity’s Fatal Attraction: Black Holes in the Universe.

Begelman said he was gratified by the recognition: “It's an especially nice honor, because it's a recognition by peers who themselves have been honored for their contributions to science. It's also an invitation to help the academy further its mission to advise the government on science policy and planning, and I look forward to playing my part in that responsibility.”

David Brain, associate professor and chair of the Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences, said the recognition was well deserved: “He is an excellent scientist, more than worthy of recognition by the National Academy. Importantly for the APS department, he is also an excellent professor,” Brain said, adding:

“He enthusiastically teaches large undergraduate courses on black holes and astrophysics, and is very active in service to the department, including serving as department chair twice. He manages to do all of this while still regularly producing high-quality science with his students, postdocs and colleagues.”

Begelman is the author of Turn Right at Orion:Travels Through the Cosmos and co-author of Gravity’s Fatal Attraction: Black Holes in the Universe. He has been an author on more than 200 peer-reviewed journal articles.

Begelman holds a PhD in theoretical astrophysics from the University of Cambridge and degrees in physics from Harvard University. He joined the CU Boulder faculty in 1982 and has served as chair of his department. Begelman is also a fellow of JILA, a joint institute of CU Boulder and the U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology.

Among previous recognition that Begelman has received are the following: The CU Board of Regents bestowed the title of distinguished professor on him in 2020, and the College of Arts and Sciences named him a professor of distinction in 2018. He was listed as a Highly Cited Researcher, a measure of a researcher’s influence, in 2001.

He won the Boulder Faculty Assembly Award for Excellence in Research, Scholarly and Creative Work in 2000, and he won a Guggenheim Fellowship in 1998.

Begelman is the 46^th CU Boulder faculty member to be elected to the National Academy of Sciences, the first being selected in 1945. Other CU Boulder members include its Nobel laureates Carl Wieman, Eric Cornell, John Hall, David Wineland and Thomas Cech.

Those elected to the academy this year bring the total number of active members to 2,617 and the total number of international members to 537. International members are nonvoting members of the academy, with citizenship outside the United States.

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Distinguished Professor Mitch Begelman of astrophysical and planetary sciences is recognized for ‘distinguished and continuing achievements in original research.'

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CU Boulder scholar wins support for research on political polarization

Anonymous — Tue, 07 May 2024 19:07:40 +0000

CU Boulder scholar wins support for research on political polarization Anonymous (not verified) Tue, 05/07/2024 - 13:07

Carnegie Corporation of New York commits $18 million over three years to help 28 scholars find solutions to a national problem

Seema Sohi, associate professor of ethnic studies at the University of Colorado Boulder, is one of 28 Andrew Carnegie Fellows who will receive stipends of $200,000 each for research that seeks to understand how and why our society has become so polarized and how we can strengthen the forces of cohesion to fortify our democracy, the Carnegie Foundation announced today.

With this focus, the Andrew Carnegie Fellows Program marks the start of an effort to develop a body of research around today’s growing political polarization. Under the direction of Dame Louise Richardson, the Corporation will commit up to $6 million annually to the program for at least the next three years.

Sohi’s winning project is titled “We Are Each Other’s Magnitude and Bond: A History of Climate Justice from Warren County to the Sunrise Movement.” She will investigate the intersection of the climate crisis, democracy and political polarization.

Sohi will undertake the first comprehensive history of the climate justice movement in the United States, centering the work of Black, Indigenous, Latina and Asian American women who have been unrecognized in environmental history and yet who have played a leading role in the struggle to advance climate justice and, with it, the struggle to realize the promises of a multiracial and sustainable American democracy.

The Andrew Carnegie Fellows Program is supporting scholars who will develop a body of research around today’s growing political polarization.

“In doing so, I tell the story of the climate crisis not as one of impending disaster or resignation, but one of transformative possibility,” Sohi said. “At a time when we so many of us feel hopelessly divided and bitterly polarized, these climate activists and leaders do much more than reproduce grim scientific preconditions and fatalistic narratives. Instead, they show us that we are capable of collective action and of coming together to build a more just, equitable, and sustainable world.”

Sohi said she was “thrilled and honored” to have won a Carnegie Fellowship, adding: “What a gift to be able to spend the next two years working on a research project that means so much to me.”

Sohi is the author of Echoes of Mutiny: Race, Surveillance, and Indian Anticolonialism in North America, which examines the anticolonial politics of South Asian intellectuals and migrant workers in North America during the early 20th century. She has published essays and articles in the Journal of American History, Sikh Formations, Amerasia and the Journal of Modern European History, as well as in the anthologies The Sun Never Sets: South Asian Migrants in an Age of U.S. Power and Asian American Literature in Transition.

“The foundation’s support of these fascinating projects is a considered effort to mine scholarship for insights into the underlying causes of the political polarization that is damaging our democracy,” said Richardson. “We also hope to gain insights into the means by which collectively we can mitigate the negative effects of this polarization on our society.”

The focus on political polarization attracted more than 360 applications, a record high for the program. Selection criteria prioritized the originality and promise of the research, its potential impact on the field and the applicant’s plans for communicating the findings to a broad audience. A panel of jurors composed of current and former leaders from some of the nation’s preeminent institutions made the final selections.

“This year marks the first time the jury was asked to assess proposals addressing a single topic—the pervasive issue of political polarization as characterized by threats to free speech, the decline of civil discourse, disagreement over basic facts, and a lack of mutual understanding and collaboration,” said John J. DeGioia, chair of the jury and president of Georgetown University.

He noted with gratitude the contributions of long-standing juror Jared L. Cohon, president emeritus of Carnegie Mellon University, who died unexpectedly in March. The 2024 selections reflected his highly regarded evaluations. “We were especially gratified,” DeGioia added, “by the rigor of the submissions, the wide range of perspectives, and the potential for lasting impact.”

Of the 28 fellows selected, 12 are junior scholars, 15 are senior scholars, 11 are employed by state universities, 16 are employed by private universities and one is a journalist.

At a time when we so many of us feel hopelessly divided and bitterly polarized, these climate activists and leaders do much more than reproduce grim scientific preconditions and fatalistic narratives. Instead, they show us that we are capable of collective action and of coming together to build a more just, equitable, and sustainable world.”

Among the research topics:

Challenging the assumption that politicians are becoming more extreme, while voters are becoming more moderate
Investigating the impact of polarization on the public’s trust in government and medicine while finding ways to improve health care overall
Understanding how and why diverging conceptions of womanhood have become a factor in the polarization of white women, especially in the South
Exploring algorithms that would expose individuals to diverse political opinions and finding low-cost ways to limit the monetization of misinformation
Evaluating the effectiveness of redistricting reforms to increase electoral competition and decrease geographic partisanship ahead of the 2031 redistricting cycle
Understanding how election denialism is affecting the work of state and local election workers and how to rebuild trust in the voting process
Exploring “party misfits,” the 50 percent of Americans who do not sort easily into Republican or Democratic camps, and the growing gap between voters and political elites
Examining how attitudes toward the credibility of science shape polarized responses to policies that affect the environment

As part of a competitive nomination process, more than 650 individuals—including the heads of universities, independent research institutes, professional societies, think tanks, major university presses and leading publications—were invited to recommend a junior and a senior scholar for consideration. All applications underwent a preliminary anonymous evaluation by leading authorities in the relevant fields of study. The highest scoring proposals were then forwarded to the jury.

Founded in 2015, the Andrew Carnegie Fellows Program provides one of the most generous stipends of its kind for research in the humanities and social sciences. To date, the Corporation has named more than 270 fellows, representing a philanthropic investment of more than $54 million.

The award is for a period of up to two years and the anticipated result is generally a book or major study. Congressional testimony by past fellows has addressed topics such as social media and privacy protections, transnational crime, governmental responses to pandemics and college affordability. Fellows have received honors including a Nobel Prize and a National Book Award.

The Andrew Carnegie Fellows Program is a continuation of the mission of Carnegie Corporation of New York, as founded by Andrew Carnegie in 1911, to promote the advancement and diffusion of knowledge and understanding. Read more about the Andrew Carnegie Fellows Program, the work of past honorees, the criteria for proposals and a historical timeline of scholarly research supported by the corporation.

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Carnegie Corporation of New York commits $18 million over three years to help 28 scholars find solutions to a national problem.

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