麻豆淫院

Dynamic grad student uses explosives to map Antarctic ice shelves

University of Colorado Boulder alumna Jade Cooley begins her science talks to students throughout Washington by saying, 鈥淢y name is Jade, and I once set off explosives in Antarctica for science. Now I鈥檓 going to tell you about glaciology.鈥�

Funded by a POLENET grant, Cooley 听( 2011) spent six weeks conducting research and camping on Antarctica鈥檚 Ross Ice Shelf last November.

Cooley, who will graduate next June with a master鈥檚 degree in geology from Central Washington University, credits CU Boulder for where she is today.

鈥淐U [Boulder] has a really excellent physics program, and I鈥檓 grateful to its professors,鈥� Cooley says, acknowledging that her familiarity with certain physics concepts ,especially programming, as incredibly useful in understanding what's going on in the ice sheets.

Initially, Cooley wasn鈥檛 sure what to do with her physics degree. She considered going into quantum physics, but 鈥渋t wasn't hitting the issues that I feel are really societally relevant, like climate change,鈥� she says.

So she got in touch with Anne Sheehan, professor of geophysics at CU Boulder. Sheehan welcomed Cooley to audit her class and helped Cooley find her CWU advisor, Paul Winberry, and his fieldwork in Antarctica.

Cooley鈥檚 research group camped on the Crary Ice Rise, 400 miles from Antarctica鈥檚 McMurdo Station. The Crary Ice Rise is a slowly moving feature of the Ross Ice Shelf. Ice shelves transport ice from the continent onto the ocean, where it displaces seawater and increases already-rising sea levels.

The research involved conducting active seismic surveys by setting off explosives in the ice. Because there is a noticeable difference in seismic activity when ice, compared to rock, is disturbed, this will allow Winberry and Cooley to map the currently unknown ice and bedrock composition throughout the Crary Ice Rise.

鈥淭his will tell the story of historic climate shifts鈥� and help us predict the impact of the earth鈥檚 current warming trends,鈥� Cooley says. It may also show whether Crary Ice Rise will be deposited into the sea.

The only first-timer, only master鈥檚 student and only female in the six-person research team, Cooley learned glaciology firsthand, drove a snowmobile and honed her snow-shoveling and snow-sculpting abilities.

Active seismic surveys require all-day digging to bury and uncover the geophones that record seismic activity. And each time there was a severe storm day, Cooley dug and carved herself a new, elaborate bathroom with a shovel and ice saw.

She also had plenty of time to reflect on the isolation and bleak landscape. She observed that the only real color or sounds came from manmade things.

鈥淵es, the wind made noise, but that noise came from the tent flapping in the wind or the wind blowing in your ear. And the only snow skittering across the ice was what we unearthed with our footprints or snowmobile,鈥� Cooley says.

The constant sunlight and flat tundra affected the scientists鈥� spatial perception.听 While setting up a straight 12-kilometer line of flags for the seismic survey site, Cooley 鈥渉ad a gut feeling that we were slowly curving off to the right, but when I looked behind me I could see that [the survey flags] were in a straight line.鈥�

She realized her perception was skewed because there was nothing to orient her in the white, flat landscape; instead, she was orienting herself to the sun, which had slowly shifted left.

Living in Antarctica, even for a short period, is 鈥渁 lesson in dichotomies,鈥� Cooley says. 鈥淚t鈥檚 extremely open yet very claustrophobic. Despite having no other living thing in a 100-mile radius other than your group, you are never more than 20 feet from another person.鈥�

The landscape鈥檚 indifference to humans also struck Cooley.

鈥淚t鈥檚 not that the land is out to get people. It doesn't even care that you're there,鈥� she says. 鈥淚t will just freeze you to death and cover your bones with snow.鈥� 听

On storm days, inside her violently shaking tent, Cooley dove into her supply of books 鈥渁bout happy, green things鈥� that reminded her of home. She reread The Lord of the Rings, because 鈥渋t鈥檚 a habit of mine to read epic stories when I visit someplace epic.鈥�

Eventually Cooley learned to sleep despite the constant sunlight and howling winds.

As the field season wore on, the thawing Antarctic summer slightly softened the rigors of camping. Sometimes Cooley and the other researchers could even hang out inside their tents with their socks off.

On their last day, waiting for the plane back to base, 鈥淲e all pulled our chairs outside, and I played a guitar while everyone read their books,鈥� Cooley says.

She is almost nostalgic about the small, unexpected human things like this: she experienced luxury in a few bags of Cheetos, a Thanksgiving card delivered by plane from McMurdo Station, and the cake they cooked for Winberry鈥檚 birthday in their tiny camp kitchen.

Perhaps due to sensory deprivation or because of Cooley鈥檚 observant mind, she vividly recalls the quirks of Antarctica itself: snow dry as Styrofoam yielding snowmen only five inches tall; how everything, even the scientists鈥� knees, steamed and how that steam moves in interesting ways; their drinking water, dug up and melted daily, that tasted of 鈥渘othing but the slight tang of iron from the shovel.鈥�

Cooley plans to pursue a PhD, possibly in interactions between glaciers and volcanoes.

鈥淭he dream is to study in Norway. I would like to pick one or two glaciers in Norway and use different remote-sensing techniques and really get to know them well,鈥� she says. 听

Returning to the land of the living was also a strange experience.

After the dearth of sounds and smells in Antarctica, the overwhelming smell of flowers upon landing in verdant Christchurch, New Zealand, made her giddy.

鈥淭he color green and feeling of warm air on my skin and sight of golden sunlight filtering through the green leaves was shocking,鈥� Cooley says.

Once at home, she found that she missed Antarctica, though she could not articulate why.

鈥淚t鈥檚 not necessarily the best time while you鈥檙e there, but you do a whole lot of hard work and it鈥檚 a really unique, worthwhile experience. Life there is really simple, and you come back with a new appreciation for things you didn鈥檛 notice before.鈥� 听

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